APPLIED SCIENCE MODEL QUESTION PAPER-2
SECTION-A
1.What are supplementary units in SI system?
-> the Supplementary units in SI system are Radian and steradian.
2. how do you find least count of vernier calipers?
->
3. state lami’s theorem.
-> lami’s states that “if three forces acting at a point or equilibrium then each force is proportional to the sign of the angle between the other two forces”.
4. define like and unlike parallel forces.
-> like parallel forces:” the forces acting along the parallel lines in the same direction are called like parallel forces”.
unlike parallel forces:” the forces acting along the Parallel Lines but in the opposite are called unlike parallel forces”.
5. what is D forming force?
-> whenever a body is acted upon by an external force a change in shape or distortion occurs. this distortion produced in the body is called the deformation. the force acting to cause Deformation is called the deforming force.
6. define elastic limit.
-> the maximum deforming force up to which a body returns the property elasticity is known as the limit of elasticity.
7. define surface tension.
-> surface tension is the property of a free surface of a liquid at rest which behaves like a stretched elastic membrane and always tends to contract and having minimum surface area.
8. define temperature and write SI unit of Temperature.
-> temperature is the measure of degree of hotness of a body. the SI unit of Temperature is Kelvin denoted by k.
9. state Gay-lussca’s law..
->Gay-lussca’s law states that “ at constant volume, the pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its Absolute Temperature”.
10. define oscillatory motion with example.
-> consider a simple pendulum. it oscillates about a fixed point. The motion of a simple pendulum is said to be oscillatory. Hence, in periodic motion, if the particle moves to and from about the same path, it is called as the oscillatory motion.
11. write the relation between wave velocity, wavelength and wave frequency.
-> if ‘V’ is the velocity,’n’ is the frequency and ‘^’Is the wavelength. then the relation between the three is given by,
V= n^.
12. state two characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
-> the two characteristics of electromagnetic waves are:
a) electromagnetic waves transport energy and momentum.
b) the energy carried by the electromagnetic waves is equally shared between electric and magnetic fields..
13. write the basic elements of communication system.
-> the three basic elements of the communication system are:
1. Transmitter 2. communication channel 3. Receiver.
14. define electrolysis.
-> the process of decomposition of an electrolyte by the passage of electric current through it is called electrolysis.
15. state Faraday's first law of electrolysis.
-> Faraday's first law of electrolysis states that the mass of the substance liberated during the electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed.
SECTION-A
1. draw neat diagram of vernier calipers and label its parts.
->
2. mention the difference between scalars and vectors.
-> the physical quantities which have magnitude but no direction are called scalar quantities. where as the quantities which have both magnitude and direction are called vector quantities.
3. define strain. write the type of strain. example for each type of strain ..
->Strain:strain is defined as the ratio of change in dimensions to its original dimensions.
types of strain: The Three Types of strain are:
1. tensile strain example: elongation of a rubber band.
2. volume strain example: does squeezing of a sponge.
3. shear strain example: a twisted wire.
4. define compressibility and factor of safety. write the SI unit of stress.
-> compressibility: the property by virtue of which a body can be compressed so as to occupy smaller volume, by the application of external forces, is called compressibility.
5. define cohesive and Adhesive force with an example.
-> Cohesive force: these all the forces of attraction between the same types of molecules, all the forces of attraction acting between molecules of same substance.
Example: Mercury. surface tension forces arise due to Cohesive force.
Adhesive forces: these are the forces of attraction acting between the molecules of different substances. if the adhesive force are greater than Cohesive forces then the liquid wet the surface of solids.
example water. water wets glass.
6.define conduction, convection, radiation and thermal conductivity.
-> conduction: it is the process of transmission of heat in the body without the actual movement of particles.
convection: it is the process of transmission of heat in Fluids with the actual movement of particles.
radiation: radiation is the process of transmission of heat from one place to another place without affecting the intervening medium.
thermal conductivity: thermal conductivity of the material is defined as the amount of heat flow in one second through the material of unit cross section area when it faces differ in temperature by 1° c.
7. state first law of thermodynamics. explain isothermal and adiabatic process.
-> first law of thermodynamics: heat supplied to a system is first used to in increasing the internal energy and remaining is used in doing external work”.
isothermal process: It is a process in which pressure and volume of gas change at constant temperature. in this process Boyle's law is obeyed. the equation for this process can be written as pV= constant.
adiabatic process: it is the process in which pressure and volume of the gas change along with the temperature. it is a process in which the heat neither leaves or enter the system. this process of the equation pVˠ
8. define longitudinal waves and transverse waves.
-> longitudinal waves: if the particles of the medium vibrates in the direction that of propagation of wave motion are called longitudinal waves.
transverse waves: if the particles of medium vibrates in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the propagation of the wave motion are called transverse waves.
9. define beat and frequency.
-> beat: when two sound waves of nearly same frequency is travels in a straight line in the same direction are superposed, the resultant wave is called beat.
frequency: the number of oscillation made in one second by the particle is called frequency.
10.describe the generation of electromagnetic waves.
->
Hertz’s experiment was based on the fact that an oscillating electric charge produces electromagnetic waves. the experimental arrangement consists of two copper or zinc plates P1 and P2 placed parallel to each other by a distance of 0.6 M as shown in figure. the plates are connected to well polished metal spheres A and B throw thick wires.
a high potential difference of several thousand volts is applied between the plates by induction coil. the air gap between a and b ionized and provides a path for the charge. a spark is produced between the speeds and causes high frequency oscillations of charges on plate. Reet result Singh high frequency electric field in the vertical gap between the speeds and a magnetic field of same frequency in horizontal plane perpendicular to the gap between a and b. now the spark that produces electromagnetic waves consisting of the oscillating electric and magnetic field.
11. explain frequency modulation.
modulation is the process of mounting very low frequency signal over high frequency signal. it has been established that audio frequency or low frequency signals cannot be transmitted directly. and slow frequency signals require some career for transmission the career is expected to carry low frequency signal and is called as carrier wave. when the audio of low frequency signal and career of high frequency signal are superimposed, then either amplitude or angular frequency of the carrier wave changes. the the following figure shows the modulated wave signal.
12. explain the mechanism of electrolysis of HCl.
-> refer Ocean 12
13. write any five postulates of arrhenius theory of electrolytic dissociation.
-> the postulates of arrhenius theory of dissociation are:
1. in the solution, some of the ions are positively charged and some of the ions are negatively charged. at any give instant, the total positive is equal to the total negative ions.
2. the solution undergoes ionization.
3. the charge carried by an iron is equal to valency of its atom or radical.
4. ionization is Irreversible.
5. I am sorry sponsor bill for carrying an electric current through the solution.
14. write any five preventive methods of corrosion.
-> the methods of prevent of corrosion are :
1. Alloying
2. Coating
a) non metallic coating
b) metallic coating
3. cathodic protection of galvanizing protection.
a) sacrificial anode method.
b) impressed voltage method.
15. define composite material. write any two advantages of composite material.
-> a composite material is a material formed from two or more components, resulting into special character for that material. it material of quality.
the advantages of composite materials are:
1. we can be developed of specific strength and specific modulus characteristics.
2. Matrix and fillers can be suitable chosen to give required properties in various dimensions.
16. writes its advantages of Nanotechnology.
-> the advantages of Nanotechnology are:
1. nanotechnology has the ability to decrease electronic device such as transistor, Silicon microprocessor etc., new generation of computer components can be developed with ability that have trillions of information which can be stored in molecular computer of sugar cube size.
2. it can also benefit in energy sector. we can have battery, fuel cell and solar cells which can be much smaller and more effective.
3. in industry, materials like nanotubes, aerogels, nanoparticles and other similar items can be produced to be charged stronger, durable and lighter.
4.in medicine, nanotechnology helps to cure diseases faster than traditional drug without side effects.
5. in the space science more machines of smaller size and greater functionality can be used.
8. write the applications of polymers.
-> the applications of polymers are:
1. polyethylene is polymer used for:
a) making toys, pipes and tubes
b) making carry bags and packing materials
c) making domestic appliances.
2. polyvinyl chloride is a polymer used for making:
a) insulating materials like electrical cables
b) helmets, seat cover, mud guards for vehicles.
c) refrigerator components, plastic dolls, belt.
d) drainage pipes, conveyor belts.
3. polysterene polymer is used for:
a) making water jugs, mugs, plates, trays.
b) making radio, television, and refrigerant containers.
4. bukelite is a polymer used for:
a) making switches and plugs.
b) telephone parts and radio and television parts
5. rubber is a polymer used for:
a)for wire and cable insulation.
b) for lining chemical tanks
c) as an Ion exchange resin in the softening of water.
d)SBR rubber is used for automobile tyres. floor tiles and adhesives.
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